I just thought of another angle on the death-defying sports line of thinking.
If, in the hypothetical scenario outlined in the previous post (death-defying, risk taking athlete has lots of progeny before dying), then maybe sexual selection is going on.
Think of the peacock. Its crazy flashy tail makes it far more likely to get picked off by a predator, so any male peacocks that survive must have higher fitness and produce higher quality offspring (according to female choice). There's debate about whether or not the male peacock is actually displaying anything of value (like fewer parasites, healthier sperm, whatever), or if he's just responding to some innate female choice preference.
Anyway, perhaps death defying athletes that actually survive and do well enough go gain prestige have superior fitness in some way, or they are simply taking advantage of the fact that women are social learners as well, programmed to be swayed by cultural prestige regardless of whether or not the athletes have superior fitness. Think of rock stars who do a bunch of drugs but have a ton of sex and have lots of kids all over the world. Rock stars might leave a lot more offspring, but only because of the "groupie" effect of female choice.
Eh. none of this shit is probably happening enough to really cause any kind of large-scale evolution in humans, but it's fun to think about. Then again, differences in gender must be adaptive somehow (males are stronger, bigger, have all kinds of weird social tests in many cultures to become "men", leaders and rulers having access to far more women...).
Gah. I should probably go to the primary literature and back up my ramblings. I'm probably wrong all over the place.
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